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The Siege of Diu occurred when an Ottoman imperial fleet attempted to capture the Indian city of Diu in 1538, then held by the Portuguese. It ended with a Portuguese victory. ==Background== In the Indian Ocean, Hadım Suleiman Pasha, the governor of Ottoman Egypt, led several naval campaigns against the Portuguese in an attempt to remove them and reestablish trade with India. In 1509, the major Battle of Diu (1509) took place between the Portuguese and a joint fleet of the Sultan of Gujarat, the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, the Zamorin of Kozhikode with support of the Ottomans. Since 1517, the Ottomans had attempted to combine forces with Gujarat in order to fight the Portuguese away from the Red Sea and in the area of India.〔 Pro-Ottoman forces under Captain Hoca Sefer had been installed by Selman Reis in Diu.〔 Diu in Gujerat, was with Surat, one of the main points of supply of spices to Ottoman Egypt at that time. However, Portuguese intervention thwarted that trade by controlling the traffic in the Red Sea.〔 In 1530, the Venetians could not obtain any supply of spices through Egypt.〔 The Ottomans under the Governor of Yemen Mustafa, fought the Portuguese at Aden (1530–31), and sent a fleet to Diu in Gujerat in order to repel a Portuguese siege of the city under Nuno da Cunha. The Portuguese retreated in February 1531.〔 Soon after however, the Sultan of Gujerat Bahadur Shah, who was under threat from the Mughal emperor Humayun made an agreement with the Portuguese, who took the opportunity to build a strong fort in front of Diu.〔 The Portuguese seized the stronghold of Gogala (Bender-i Türk) near the city,〔 and built the Diu Fort. Once the threat from Humayun was removed, Bahadur tried to negotiate the withdrawal of the Portuguese, but on 13 February 1537 he died drowning during the negotiations on board of a Portuguese ship in unclear circumstances, both sides blaming the other for the tragedy.〔 Bahadur Shah had also appealed to the Ottomans to expel the Portuguese, which led to the 1538 expedition.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Siege of Diu」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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